Clusters

Propensity Score

The propensity score is observable:

\[\pi(X_i) = \mathbb{P}(D_i = 1 \mid X_i)\]

That is, given access to the following probability space, we can compute the probability measure.

\[\big( \mathcal{X}\times \mathcal{D} \times \mathcal{Y}, \mathcal{F}, \mathcal{P} \big)\]

To Do

Add in the details